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Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus
Vancomycin-resistant ''Enterococcus'', or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), are bacterial strains of the genus ''Enterococcus'' that are resistant to the antibiotic vancomycin.
== History and biology ==
To become vancomycin-resistant, vancomycin-sensitive enterococci typically obtain new DNA in the form of plasmids or transposons which encode genes that confer vancomycin resistance. This acquired vancomycin resistance is distinguished from the natural vancomycin resistance of certain enterococcal species including ''E. gallinarum'' and ''E. casseliflavus''.
High-level vancomycin-resistant ''E. faecalis'' and ''E. faecium'' are clinical isolates first documented in the 1980's. In the United States, vancomycin-resistant ''E. faecium'' was associated with 4% of healthcare-associated infections reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network from January 2006 to October 2007. VRE can be carried by healthy people who have come into contact with the bacteria, usually in a hospital (nosocomial infection), although it is thought that a significant percentage of intensively farmed chicken also carry VRE.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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